IoC和DI

Mon, 28 Jul 2025 00:32:15 +0000

解释一下IoC和DI的概念：

IoC (Inversion of Control) - 控制反转

控制反转是一种软件设计原则，它将传统的程序控制流程颠倒过来：

传统方式：对象自己创建和管理依赖项
IoC方式：对象的依赖项由外部容器或框架来创建和注入

DI (Dependency Injection) - 依赖注入

依赖注入是实现IoC的一种具体方式，通过以下方式实现：

构造函数注入：通过构造函数传入依赖项
属性注入：通过属性设置依赖项
方法注入：通过方法参数传入依赖项

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public interface IContainer
{
 void Register<TService, TImplementation>() where TImplementation : TService;
 void Register<TService>(Func<TService> instanceCreator);
 TService Resolve<TService>();
}

public class Container : IContainer
{
 private Dictionary<Type, Func<object>> _registry = new Dictionary<Type, Func<object>>();

 public void Register<TService, TImplementation>() where TImplementation : TService
 {
 _registry[typeof(TService)] = () => Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(TImplementation));
 }

 public void Register<TService>(Func<TService> instanceCreator)
 {
 _registry[typeof(TService)] = () => instanceCreator();
 }

 public TService Resolve<TService>()
 {
 Func<object> creator;
 if (_registry.TryGetValue(typeof(TService), out creator))
 {
 return (TService)creator();
 }
 else
 {
 throw new Exception($"No registration for {typeof(TService)}");
 }
 }
}

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IoC和DI

IoC (Inversion of Control) - 控制反转

DI (Dependency Injection) - 依赖注入